Why is checking your pet's stool sample so important?

You've probably had this conversation:
- "Hi, Mrs. Johnson. This is Stephanie from Tender Touch Veterinary Hospital calling to remind you about Sunshine's appointment with Dr. Brill tomorrow at 4:00 p.m."
- "Great! I'll be there."
- "We're looking forward to seeing you again! Remember to bring a fresh stool sample with you; within 24 hours is considered fresh, so long as it hasn't been frozen or left out in the sun."

We know, it's icky. But it really is important! Here's why:

All pets are at risk for contracting intestinal parasites - even indoor ones.

• The specific life cycle and transmission varies by parasite type, but know that the eggs exist in the environment, and can be ingested after a curious sniff in the dirt or licking paws.
• Puppies and kittens can get intestinal parasites from their mothers.
• Indoor cats can get tapeworms from ingesting fleas that we carry in on our clothing (this is one reason why flea prevention is recommended for indoor kitties, too).
• CAPC data shows that in Allegheny County in 2015, 1 in 17 cats  and 1 in 38 dogs tested were positive for roundworms in 2015.

Some intestinal parasites are zoonotic - meaning that humans can get them, too.

• Children those with compromised immune systems are most at risk.
• Good hygiene and prompt disposal of feces is usually enough to prevent zoonosis.
• Follow these links to public health FAQ pages from the CDC about roundworms and hookworms.

Fecal Sample FAQs

How is my pet's feces tested?
First, the stool sample is visually examined for adult worms or tapeworm segments.

Then, a small amount of fresh feces is mixed with a special solution of zinc sulfate. We strain the mixture to remove excess waste material, pour the sample into a tube, and spin it in a centrifuge for several minutes. Centrifugation allows parasite eggs to float to the top of the tube and stick to a small piece of glass. We place the glass onto a slide and examine it under a microscope to look for and identify the eggs.

Depending on your dog's symptoms, the veterinarian may also recommend additional testing to detect Giardia or to diagnose certain gastrointestinal diseases.

What intestinal parasites are you looking for?
We most commonly see roundworms, hookworms, whipworms, tapeworms, and coccidia.  Giardia can sometimes be identified using centrifugation, but ELISA testing is the preferred method for symptomatic pets.

Fecal Sample Collection Kit

How do I collect my pet's stool sample?

• Ideally, collect your dog or cat's feces as close to your appointment as possible.
• We can work with a sample as small as 3 to 5 grams, so one or two 'pieces' are enough.
• Place the sample in a clean container, such as a Ziploc bag or your regular clean-up bags. (Tip: Placing the bag inside an old yogurt or margarine container can help reduce the smell during the ride to the office!)
• We can also send you home with a complimentary collection kit - just ask!

---

Should I refrigerate the sample?
Refrigeration is ideal if you can't get the sample right to us. Just don't freeze it or leave it out in the sun; extreme temperatures can degrade the sample and make it unreliable for diagnostic use.

I have multiple cats that share a litterbox. What if I don't know whose stool I have?
If your cats are all feeling well, we can test what you bring us. If parasites are detected, it is safe to deworm all of the cats as a precaution.
However, if you are finding abnormal stool or if one of your cats is not feeling well, it would be best to separate the cats to ensure that we are testing the symptomatic cat's feces.

Special Notes for Cat Owners:

• Yes, it's okay if there is some litter on the sample!
• Make sure there is actually feces in the sample. Urine saturated in clumping litter can create solid "logs" that resemble stool, but really it's just wet litter!
  

​We know, it's a stinky job. But checking your pet's stool at least once a year is an easy way to keep your furry friends - and your family - in good health!

---